Several current projects involve partnerships with city governments. Breckenridge, Colorado, selected ALLO as the service provider for its Fiber9600 infrastructure project, which began connecting homes in late 2019. In Lincoln, Nebraska, ALLO leased city conduits, extended the conduit system into residential neighborhoods, and built fiber to the home. ALLO provides 77 nonprofit organizations in Lincoln with 10 years of free internet service. In Fort Morgan, Colorado, ALLO leased the city-owned fiber network to deliver broadband services. In 2021, ALLO announced a fiber-to-the-premises project offering 10 Gigabit bandwidth in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. ALLO is also working to establish a fiber-optic system in Ashland, Milford, Seward, Sidney and York, Nebraska, and Kingman and Butler, Arizona. In 2021, ALLO had reported revenue of $100 million.
The vendor was selected by the Mexican government-run Comisión Federal de Electricidad in 2020 to connect remote regions with high-speed broadband. Prysmian also supplies 770 km of submarine telecom cables for the Norte Conectado project awarded by Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa, a Brazilian internet provider connecting the city of Macapá to Santarém and Alenquer, which are in the north of the Amazon region. Through this strategy, Prysmian directly enables connectivity across 59 municipalities in northern Brazil, possibly extending it to other Amazonian countries. It also continues to drive fiber innovations. In 2021, Prysmian joined Nokia Bell Labs and the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology to demonstrate one petabit per second transmission over an optical fiber with standard dimensions. This year, the company announced it is investing an additional $30 million to the $85 million already reported last year to increase optical fiber cable capacity and capability in plants in North America. Prysmian is headquartered in Milan, Italy.
UK government lays out 190 million for FTTH connections
Summary: TDS Telecommunications LLC (TDS Telecom/TDS) delivers high-speed internet, TV entertainment and phone services to more than 1,100 rural, suburban and metropolitan communities across the U.S. With 1.2 million connections, TDS is a rapidly growing technology company. Powered by fiber and new technologies, TDS delivers up to 2 Gbps internet speeds and offers IPTV entertainment solutions and traditional phone services. TDS also offers businesses VoIP advanced communications solutions, dedicated internet service, data networking and hosted-managed services. Over the past year, TDS has continued to extend its FTTH footprint across multiple states it serves in the Midwest and New England. The service provider is also enhancing its state regulatory broadband efforts by naming Angie Dickison manager of State Government Affairs. She led statewide broadband offices in Minnesota and Wisconsin and specialized in securing broadband for underserved rural areas.
In September 2004, the number of mobile phone connections crossed the number of fixed-line connections and presently dwarfs the wireline segment substantially. The mobile subscriber base has grown from 5 million subscribers in 2001 to over 1,179.32 million subscribers as of July 2018. India primarily follows the GSM mobile system, in the 900 MHz band. Recent operators also operate in the 1800 MHz band. The dominant players are Vi, Airtel, Jio, and BSNL/MTNL. International roaming agreements exist between most operators and many foreign carriers. The government allowed Mobile number portability (MNP) which enables mobile telephone users to retain their mobile telephone numbers when changing from one mobile network operator to another.[59] In 2014, Trivandrum became the first city in India to cross the mobile penetration milestone of 100 mobile connections per 100 people. In 2015 three more cities from Kerala, Kollam, Kochi and Kottayam crossed the 100 mark. In 2017 many other major cities in the country like Chennai, Mysore, Mangalore, Bangalore, Hyderabad, etc. also crossed the milestone. Currently Trivandrum tops the Indian cities with a mobile penetration of 168.4 followed by Kollam 143.2 and Kochi 141.7.
Public, commercial Internet access in India was launched by Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) on 15 August 1995,[61] though access was available via the Educational Research Network (ERNET) to educational institutions as early as 1986.[62] VSNL was able to add about 10,000 Internet users within 6 months.[63] However, for the next 10 years the Internet experience in the country remained less attractive, with narrow-band connections having speeds less than 56 kbit/s (dial-up). In 2004, the government formulated its broadband policy which defined broadband as "an always-on Internet connection with a download speed of 256 kbit/s or above."[64] From 2005 onward the growth of the broadband sector in the country accelerated but remained below the growth estimates of the government and related agencies due to resource issues in last-mile access which were predominantly wired-line technologies. This bottleneck was removed in 2010 when the government auctioned 3G spectrum followed by an equally high-profile auction of 4G spectrum that set the scene for a competitive and invigorated wireless broadband market. Now Internet access in India is provided by both public and private companies using a variety of technologies and media including dial-up (PSTN), xDSL, coaxial cable, Ethernet, FTTH, ISDN, HSDPA (3G), 4G, WiFi, WiMAX, etc. at a wide range of speeds and costs.
One of the major issues facing the Internet segment in India is the lower average bandwidth of broadband connections compared to that of developed countries. According to 2007 statistics, the average download speed in India hovered at about 40 KB per second (256 kbit/s), the minimum speed set by TRAI, whereas the international average was 5.6 Mbit/s during the same period. In order to attend this infrastructure issue the government declared 2007 as "the year of broadband".[69][70] To compete with international standards of defining broadband speed the Indian Government has taken the aggressive step of proposing a $13 billion national broadband network to connect all cities, towns and villages with a population of more than 500 in two phases targeted for completion by 2012 and 2013. The network was supposed to provide speeds up to 10 Mbit/s in 63 metropolitan areas and 4 Mbit/s in an additional 352 cities. In February 2018, the average broadband speed of fixed-line connection in India was 20.72 Mbit/s, which is less than the global average download speed of 42.71 Mbit/s.[71] In terms of mobile internet speed, India performed quite poorly, with average speed of 9.01 Mbit/s when compared with global average mobile broadband speed was 22.16 Mbit/s.[71]
Television broadcasting began in India in 1959 by Doordarshan, a state-run medium of communication, and had slow expansion for more than two decades.[82] The policy reforms of the government in the 1990s attracted private initiatives in this sector, and since then, satellite television has increasingly shaped popular culture and Indian society. However, still, only the government-owned Doordarshan has the licence for terrestrial television broadcast. Private companies reach the public using satellite channels; both cable television as well as DTH has obtained a wide subscriber base in India. In 2012, India had about 148 million TV homes of which 126 million has access to cable and satellite services.[83]
Today, television is the most penetrative media in India with industry estimates indicating that there are over 554 million TV consumers, 462 million with satellite connections, compared to other forms of mass media such as radio or internet.[84] Government of India has used the popularity of TV and radio among rural people for the implementation of many social-programmes including that of mass-education. On 16 November 2006, the Government of India released the community radio policy which allowed agricultural centres, educational institutions and civil society organisations to apply for community based FM broadcasting licence. Community Radio is allowed 100 watts of Effective Radiated Power (ERP) with a maximum tower height of 30 metres. The licence is valid for five years and one organisation can only get one licence, which is non-transferable and to be used for community development purposes.
On May 5, 2020, the parliament passed an agreement between the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the Tunisian government to allocate $270 million to the Gov-Tech government program, which will provide internet connection for 2,250 schools, 250 social welfare offices, and 55 social service institutions.15
The main mobile operators are Tunisie Telecom, Ooredoo Tunisie, and Orange Tunisie. The state controls a 65 percent stake in Tunisie Telecom; the remaining shares are held by the private equity firm Abraaj Group.1 The government has a small stake in Ooredoo Tunisie, a subsidiary of the Qatar-based Ooredoo. Orange Tunisie has been controlled by the state since 2011, when a 51 percent stake was seized from Marouane Mabrouk, son-in-law of former president Ben Ali. The remaining 49 percent stake is owned by the multinational group Orange.2 In July 2020, Minister of State Properties and Land Affairs Ghazi Chaouachi announced that an agreement had been reached between the Tunisian State and Marouane Mabrouk on Orange Tunisie, valuing his shares, which the government had previously seized, at 170 million dinars ($61.7 million).3 2ff7e9595c
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